Abdolmotalleb Seyyed Mohammadi; Ghorban Asgari; MohammadTaghi Samadi; Ali Pour Mohammadi; Ali Faramarzi Govhar
Volume 22, Issue 4 , September and October 2015, , Pages 571-580
Abstract
Background and aim: Humic Acid (HA) is one of the polyelectrolyte compounds which cause many problems in water treatment process. In present study, UV/IO4- as a novel advance oxidation process, was used for removing HA. Material and methods: In present research, a batch reactor in lab scale was used.This ...
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Background and aim: Humic Acid (HA) is one of the polyelectrolyte compounds which cause many problems in water treatment process. In present study, UV/IO4- as a novel advance oxidation process, was used for removing HA. Material and methods: In present research, a batch reactor in lab scale was used.This reactor with useful volume of 2.5 L, made of stainless steel, which equipped with a low pressure Hg vapor lamp. In this study the effect of some parameters including pH, initial HA concentration, IO4- concentration and Fe (0) nanoparticles concentration were investigated. HA concentration was determined using Spectrophotometer at an absorbance wavelength of 254 nm. Results: According to the results, pH 3, periodate concentration 125 mg/L and Fe (0) Nano particles 12.5 mg/L were determined as optimum conditions. Moreover, results indicated that in presence of UV coupled with Periodate removal efficiency of HA increased to 66.08%, and the increase of Fe (0) Nano particles can led to increase HA removal (73.3%). Conclusion: Results show thatthe presence of UV letto increase in the activation of periodate, on the other hands, the presence of Fe (0) Nano particles led to further activation of periodate subsequently cause the increasing HA removal.
Keyghobad Ghadiri; Tahereh Sabouri; Ramin Abiri; Shiva Pormohammadi; Azam Elahi; Ali Pormohammadi
Volume 21, Issue 4 , September and October 2014, , Pages 621-628
Abstract
Background and aim: Neisseria meningitidisis is a cause of some serious disease like Meningitis which can rapidly lead to death. The Majority of person suffering from Meningitis have not had any contact with patients and it seems that asymptomatic carriers are the main source of diseases. This descriptive ...
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Background and aim: Neisseria meningitidisis is a cause of some serious disease like Meningitis which can rapidly lead to death. The Majority of person suffering from Meningitis have not had any contact with patients and it seems that asymptomatic carriers are the main source of diseases. This descriptive study aimed to investigate the prevalence of nasopharyngeal Neisseria meningitidis carriers and antibiotic resistance in preschools and primary schools children in Kermanshah.
Material and methods: in this cross-sectional study, 554 kindergartens and schools children with a range of 2-12 years were recruited from different regions of Kermanshah, during November to March 2012. Samples were collected using a sterile swab from the back part of the pharynx (the area of the palatine tonsils) with prevention of contacting with teeth and transported to the laboratory in transport environment. After this, they were cultured on a selective culture medium which followed by performing confirmatory and antibiotic resistance tests to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility.
Results: the prevalence of Neisseria meningitides was investigated 10.6% among 554 healthy children with a mean age of 7.4 years, The resistance percentage of isolated samples to Azithromycin, Amoxicillin, Rifampin, Amoxicillin clavulanic acid, Cotrimoxazole and Ceftriaxone was 54.2 %, 100 %, 6.8 %, 96.6 %, 54.2%, 13.6%, respectively.
Conclusion: the increasing use of antibiotics has led to a high level of antibiotic resistance, particularly Azithromycin, Amoxicillin, Rifampin, Amoxicillin clavulanic acid and Cotrimoxazole, which indicates the necessity of educating physicians and general population regarding indiscriminate usage of antibiotics.